It has been found that available cellulose chain ends directly relate to the rate of enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass, which is controlled by the amount of amorphous regions, pretreatment, and the action of endoglucanases. If a pretreatment just increases the available cellulose surface areas without significant change of cellulose crstallinity, it is possible that the rate usually does not show significant increase. If there is enough cellulose chain ends or not generated fast enough, the increase in enzyme loading often does not show the hydrolysis rate increase.
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